117 words
1 minute
V-ing
V-ing form as gerund
| aspect | function | examples |
|---|---|---|
| attribute* | modify n. ,to explain the usage or function of n. | a swimming pool;(the pool that be used for swimming) a reading book(a book for reading) building/catering/publishing industry |
| predicative | issue, to explain identity or comment of subject | My hobby is listening to music. |
| subject | issue | Swimming is good for your health. |
| object | issue | We enjoy bathing in the sun ray. |
| object complement | issue | He spent time improving his spoken English. |
| prep. object | issue | We can keep health by doing exercises. You’ll be responsible for talking with visitors. |
V-ing as present participle
| aspect | function | example |
|---|---|---|
| attribute | a happening action,status | a running man(a man that is running) |
| predicative | adjective,to describe feature,effect of subject | The movie is interesting/disappointing |
| adverbial | to describe when,where,why,how about the n.(absolute phrase/nominate absolute) | Walking in the park,he saw a friend.(When he was walking…) |
| object complement | a happening action,status | I saw you crossing the road. |